XML Editors Overview and the Challenge to Build XML-Oriented Editor for Mediaeval Manuscript Descriptions

* The research presented here is partially supported by the project KT-DigiCult-Bg (FP6) and by the ICT Agency in Bulgaria.The paper presents an overview of XML and software tools for its use, with an emphasis on XML editors. Based on the experience of two Bulgarian projects on preparing electronic descriptions of mediaeval manuscripts from the 1990es, we define the following requirements to the editor used for manuscript cataloguing: minimum elements on the screen; arrangement of elements according to the practice in the subject domain; supplying default values whenever this is possible; supplying possible values in combo boxes whenever this is possible; and ease of data entry (in Bulgarian with possibility to enter mediaeval text fragments in Old Cyrillic). These requirements were taken into account for the development of a specialized editor, XEditMan, which is presented in the article. Currently, 200 descriptions of manuscripts are available which were entered and edited using XEditMan. The average time for data entry with the editor is about three times less than the time spent in previously used software tools in Bulgaria

Supplier Management Improvement in Aviation Industry: A Case Study of Beriev Aircraft Company

In modern practice the problems of aircraft production take on a new character in an ever-changing geopolitical situation in the world. The aviation industry is one of the most promising trends for development of the national high-tech production. It requires special attention, as the potential is the source of a qualitatively new economic growth of countries in general and Russia in particular. In our research, we designated specific production of civil aircraft issues, which have, from the authors view point, the major influence on the industry product competitiveness for the aircraft factory. The purpose of this paper is to study and analyze domestic and international experience in supply chain management of the aviation industry to enhance the competitiveness of aircraft factory products. A case study applied at the aircraft factory to propose a method of selecting suppliers for improving the quality and competitiveness of the industry product. Based on undertaken analysis, the authors designated specific areas of strategy implementation for the supply chain management when entering new markets with products of aircraft factory. According to current situation at aviation industry, strategic scenario of quality management improvement with the priority of supply chain management processes is proposed after aircrafts mass production launch at aircraft factory

Enteric nervous system – a historical review and contemporary aspects

The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) was described over a century ago and has since sparked controversy in scientific circles and the periodical press. Over time, knowledge about the structure, functions, and clinical significance of the ENS has evolved. The present work traces historically the emergence of the idea of the ENS, the chronology of the discovery of its structural elements and their functions, with an emphasis on its clinical significance. While not exhaustive, the overview explores the concept of interaction among diverse ENS structures and their role in regulating motility, secretion, hemodynamics, fluid and electrolyte balance, and the integrated functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. The paper also discusses some of the diseases associated with ENS dysfunction

Analysis of motion in scale space

This work includes some new aspects of motion estimation by the optic flow method in scale spaces. The usual techniques for motion estimation are limited to the application of coarse to fine strategies. The coarse to fine strategies can be successful only if there is enough information in every scale. In this work we investigate the motion estimation in the scale space more basically. The wavelet choice for scale space decomposition of image sequences is discussed in the first part of this work. We make use of the continuous wavelet transform with rotationally symmetric wavelets. Bandpass decomposed sequences allow the replacement of the structure tensor by the phase invariant energy operator. The structure tensor is computationally more expensive because of its spatial or spatio-temporal averaging. The energy operator needs in general no further averaging. The numerical accuracy of the motion estimation with the energy operator is compared to the results of usual techniques, based on the structure tensor. The comparison tests are performed on synthetic and real life sequences. Another practical contribution is the accuracy measurement for motion estimation by adaptive smoothed tensor fields. The adaptive smoothing relies on nonlinear anisotropic diffusion with discontinuity and curvature preservation. We reached an accuracy gain under properly chosen parameters for the diffusion filter. A theoretical contribution from mathematical point of view is a new discontinuity and curvature preserving regularization for motion estimation. The convergence of solutions for the isotropic case of the nonlocal partial differential equation is shown. For large displacements between two consecutive frames the optic flow method is systematically corrupted because of the violence of the sampling theorem. We developed a new method for motion analysis by scale decomposition, which allows to circumvent the systematic corruption without using the coarse to fine strategy. The underlying assumption is, that in a certain neighborhood the grey value undergoes the same displacement. If this is fulfilled, then the same optic flow should be measured in all scales. If there arise inconsistencies in a pixel across the scale space, so they can be detected and the scales containing this inconsistencies are not taken into account

Massive bleeding in small bowel diverticulosis

INTRODUCTION: Diagnosis of small bowel diverticulosis complications is difficult in the emergency set­ting and often delays surgical management. The aim of this study was to report our experience with three patients presenting with surgical complication of small bowel diverticulosis with massive bleeding.PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January 2015 to February 2017, three patients, two males and one fe­male, presenting with bleeding as a complication of small bowel diverticulosis were included in this study. Their mean age was 70 years.RESULTS: The mean duration between the complication onset and its management was 8.3 days. Gastroen­doscopy and colonoscopy were used to eliminate stomach and colon bleeding. All the patients were operated on. Segmental small bowel resection was performed with primary anastomosis without any complications.CONCLUSION: Small bowel diverticulosis is a rare pathology. In cases of gastrointestinal hemorrhage, di­agnosis is performed by eliminating the bleeding from gastroduodenal and colonic segment of the gastro­intestinal tract. The diagnosis has been established through exploratory laparotomy only. Scr Sci Med 2017; 49(3): 40-44INTRODUCTION: Diagnosis of small bowel diverticulosis complications is difficult in the emergency set­ting and often delays surgical management. The aim of this study was to report our experience with three patients presenting with surgical complication of small bowel diverticulosis with massive bleeding.PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January 2015 to February 2017, three patients, two males and one fe­male, presenting with bleeding as a complication of small bowel diverticulosis were included in this study. Their mean age was 70 years.RESULTS: The mean duration between the complication onset and its management was 8.3 days. Gastroen­doscopy and colonoscopy were used to eliminate stomach and colon bleeding. All the patients were operated on. Segmental small bowel resection was performed with primary anastomosis without any complications.CONCLUSION: Small bowel diverticulosis is a rare pathology. In cases of gastrointestinal hemorrhage, di­agnosis is performed by eliminating the bleeding from gastroduodenal and colonic segment of the gastro­intestinal tract. The diagnosis has been established through exploratory laparotomy only. Scr Sci Med 2017; 49(3): 40-4

Metadata for a long-term climate series from the Russian meteorological station “Pyramiden” (1948-1957) at Svalbard ( Short Communication)

Soviet weather station "Pyramiden" was located in the same mining settlement on the northern shore of the Mimer bukta (Billefjorden, West Spitsbergen Island). Research station operated from 1948 to 1957, as a branch of Barentsburg research observatory (Grnfjorden, West Spitsbergen Island). It was the only station that held regular meteorological observations in the inland areas of the archipelago. Observational data (in the form of handwritten books and tables) are preserved in state fond of Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI, St. Petersburg, Russia). So far, these data have not been digitized and with their help not conducted any climate researches. Fruitful scientific collaboration between MET-Norway (Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo) and AARI helped preserve these unique data to the polar scientific community. Now specialists-climatologists of both institutions complete joint climate researches that in the near future will be available to scientists, studying modern climate changes in the polar regions of the Earth

Calculation method for sound insulation of lightweight enclosures at low frequencies

The objects of the study are lightweight enclosing structures (partitions) located between the premises of buildings. The surface density of lightweight fences lies in the range of 20 < μ < 100 kg/m2. The elaboration of methods for calculating the sound insulation of lightweight enclosures, taking into account geometric and physical and mechanical parameters, is an urgent task for building acoustics. The studies are carried out on the basis of the theory of self-consistency of wave fields with account of the resonant and inertial sound transmission through the enclosures. The article presents the results of theoretical studies of sound insulation of lightweight enclosing structures in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 5000 Hz. It was proposed to divide the generalized frequency characteristic of the sound insulation of lightweight enclosing structures into two ranges, the boundary between which is determined by the geometric sizes of the fence. Based on the theory of self-consistency of wave fields, a method was developed for calculating the sound insulation of lightweight enclosing structures in the frequency range above the threshold frequency of sound field diffuseness in the plane of the enclosing structure and below the threshold frequency. The method enables calculating the sound insulation of lightweight enclosures, the threshold frequencies of the areas of resonant sound transmission, as well as the frequency characteristics of the coefficients of resonant and inertial sound transmission. The implementation of this method is considered on the example of a lightweight frame-sheathing partition with anti-resonance panels. The authors obtained theoretical frequency characteristics of the coefficients of sound transmission through a lightweight frame-sheathing partition and the frequency characteristics of the sound insulation of the partition in the calculated frequency range